Synonyms of the word

surprisal

• n. (obsolete, military) A surprise attack or ambush; a sudden or unexpected assault.
• n. (obsolete) A sudden coming-upon someone or something unexpectedly or unawares.
• n. (obsolete) A surprising event or occurrence.
• n. (obsolete) The feeling caused by being surprised; surprise, shock, amazement.
• n. An information measure first defined by Myron Tribus in his 1961 book Thermostatics and Thermodynamics…

disruption

• n. An interruption to the regular flow or sequence of something.
• n. A continuing act of disorder.

perturbation

• n. (uncountable) Agitation; the state of being perturbed.
• n. (countable) A small change in a physical system, or more broadly any definable system (such as a biological…
• n. (countable, astronomy, physics) Variation in an orbit due to the influence of external bodies.

surprise

• n. Something not expected.
• n. (attributive) Unexpected.
• n. The feeling that something unexpected has happened.
• n. (obsolete) A dish covered with a crust of raised pastry, but with no other contents.
• v. (transitive) To cause (someone) to feel unusually alarmed or delighted.
• v. (transitive) To do something to (a person) that they are not expecting, as a surprise.
• v. (intransitive) To undergo or witness something unexpected.
• v. (intransitive) To cause surprise.
• v. (transitive) To attack unexpectedly.
• v. (transitive) To take unawares.